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Centrifugal pumps are widely used in various industries for transferring liquids, such as water, chemicals, and petroleum products. One crucial aspect of operating a centrifugal pump efficiently is proper priming. Priming is the process of removing air from the pump and suction piping to create a vacuum and enable the pump to draw liquid effectively. In this article, we will delve into the importance of priming centrifugal pumps, different priming methods, and the benefits of using self-priming pumps.
Before any centrifugal pump can be operated, it must be primed. Priming is the process of replacing air in the intake lines and portions of the pump with water. If the pump is to be
Why Centrifugal Pump Need Priming
Centrifugal pumps operate based on the principle of creating a centrifugal force to move the liquid through the pump. However, if air is present in the pump or suction piping, it can disrupt the flow of liquid and reduce the pump's efficiency. Air pockets can cause cavitation, which leads to pump damage and reduced performance. Therefore, priming is essential to ensure that the pump is filled with liquid and free of air before starting the operation.
Positive Displacement Pump Priming
Unlike centrifugal pumps, positive displacement pumps do not require priming as they operate by trapping a fixed amount of liquid and then displacing it through the system. Positive displacement pumps are self-priming and can handle viscous fluids and high-pressure applications effectively without the need for priming.
Self-Priming Pump vs. Non-Self-Priming Pump
Self-priming centrifugal pumps are designed with special features that allow them to evacuate air from the suction line and create a vacuum to draw liquid into the pump. These pumps are ideal for applications where the pump is located above the liquid source or where air may enter the suction line. Non-self-priming pumps, on the other hand, require manual priming or the installation of a separate priming system to remove air from the pump and suction piping.
Centrifugal Pump Priming Procedure
The priming procedure for centrifugal pumps involves several steps to ensure that the pump is properly filled with liquid and free of air. The steps may vary depending on the type of pump and the application, but the general procedure includes:
1. Close the discharge valve to prevent the liquid from flowing back.
2. Fill the pump casing and suction piping with the liquid to be pumped.
3. Open the vent valve or priming port to release any trapped air.
4. Start the pump and gradually open the discharge valve to allow the liquid to flow.
5. Monitor the pump for proper operation and adjust as needed.
Centrifugal Pump Priming Methods
There are several methods for priming centrifugal pumps, including:
1. Manual Priming: Involves manually filling the pump casing and suction piping with liquid.
2. Vacuum Priming: Uses a vacuum pump or ejector to create a vacuum in the pump casing and suction line.
3. Foot Valve Priming: Utilizes a foot valve at the end of the suction line to maintain liquid in the pump during shutdown.
4. Priming Tank: A separate tank filled with liquid is connected to the pump to facilitate priming.
Priming System for Centrifugal Pumps
A priming system for centrifugal pumps is designed to automate the priming process and ensure that the pump is always ready for operation. The system may include a vacuum pump, check valves, and control mechanisms to maintain the proper priming level in the pump. Priming systems are especially useful for pumps located in remote or inaccessible areas where manual priming is not practical.
Priming Tank for Centrifugal Pump
A priming tank is a reservoir filled with liquid that is connected to the suction line of the centrifugal pump. The tank acts as a source of liquid for priming the pump and helps maintain a consistent flow of liquid to the pump during operation. Priming tanks are commonly used in applications where the liquid source is intermittent or where the pump is located above the liquid level.
What Is Priming and Why Is It Necessary
THE MUST-HAVE HANDBOOK FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Page 10 Self Priming Pumps A self priming centrifugal pump is made to lift water from some level below the pump elevation …
: Performance Curve of Centrifugal Pumps 26 Figure 11 : Specific speed variations of different types of pump 28 Figure 12 : double-acting piston pump 32 Figure 13 : Positive-displacement gear-type .
priming of centrifugal pump pdf|self priming pump vs non